新闻周刊专访谷歌CEO施密特 解释退出中国原委

甚嚣尘上的谷歌退出中国事件在上周末忽然戏剧性的出现风向大逆转，该公司不同层级的人员接连表示：不排除会继续留在中国，而且迄今为止公司没有任何撤离行动。同时，有消息传出，NBA中国首席执行官陈永正将出任谷歌中国区总裁。一时间，关于谷歌退出中国的真相引发了各方猜测。 u.i a s k.c a

一直以来，Google的CEO埃里克。施密特都在为公司开展中国业务而辩护，尽管北京对于互联网的自由有着限制。尽管如此，上周Google还是突然地威胁要退出中国市场，因为他们受到了确信是来自于中国的黑客攻击。1月15日，谷歌首席执行官埃里克·施密特首次面对媒体，接受美国《新闻周刊》独家专访，向记者Fareed Zakaria解释了这一决定和退出中国的前后原委。

问：你为什么会做出这样的决定？这一决定令很多人和很多公司大为惊讶。 www. iask. ca

埃里克·施密特：Google与很多其他公司不尽相同，对我们而言，在中国运营的问题一直是非常复杂的。我们被要求接受审查制度，这让我们感到非常不适应。但我们的结论是，与退出中国市场相比，在中国运营不管对还我们，还是对中国人民都更有利。（但是现在）我们做出这个决定（指退出中国），是因为我们已经决定不再接受并参与这个审查制度了。

问：在你们做出决定的前一个月，是不是发生了什么事情导致了你们的决定？

埃里克·施密特：我们发现大量的证据,证明互联网上对于中国的持不同政见者存在着监控。我们并没有证据证明谁做出了这种监控，但是你可以得出你自己的结论。

加国中文搜索,www.iask.ca

问：这种监控是广泛存在的吗？ 本文 来 自 家 园 网

埃里克·施密特：可能比我们发现的要多得多

加 拿 大 家园网

问：你们为什么选择公开声明而不是找中国政府寻求解决方案？ i a s k . c a

埃里克·施密特：我们正在跟中国政府磋商，并且希望能够找到解决方案。但是我们希望Google对于公众做到透明。我们并不希望（把这种事情）作为机密。因此我们决定首先对公众发出声明。现在我们正在跟中国政府进行相关磋商。

本文 来 自 家 园 网

问：磋商有进展吗？

家园网多伦多,toronto.iask.ca

埃里克·施密特：现在说这个还为时过早，（实际上）真的才刚刚开始谈。 加拿大家园,www.iask.ca

问：难道没有人指责你的责任应该是帮助股东实现利益最大化么？

家 园 论 坛

埃里克·施密特：在我们申请上市的时候，我们就提交了一份关于如何本公司运营业务的文件。我们说过，我们将是与众不同的。我们说过，我们不会总是，或者从严格意义上只是一家商业公司而已，这将是驱动我们的信念之一。而我们现在所做的便是这一理念的延伸。这并不是一个商业决策----如果从商业上考虑的话，毫无疑问我们将继续留在中国市场。这是一个基于价值观的决策。我们试图从全球视角来追问，怎样做才能最好。 www. iask. ca

问：你认为在维持审查制度的情况下中国还能否实现全国际化？ 园友录,u.iask.ca

埃里克·施密特：中国的国际化促进了中国以及世界的繁荣。中国使亿万人民脱离了贫困。但是很少有国家像中国这样对信息进行这样严格的审查。在谷歌愿意设立分公司的国家当中，中国是唯一一个实行审查法律的国家。在其他国家我们没有这样做过。其他国家有的会屏蔽Youtube几个星期，但是当我们与他们接洽指出他们只是被数以亿计的视频中的一个攻击了而已，事情就解决了。但是在中国，对于信息发布有着独一无二的限制。 www. iask. ca

问：你觉得（这样的信息限制）将会伤害中国的经济吗？

埃里克·施密特：我相信长期来说答案是：“会”。（举例来说，）你如果生活在一个能让你自由想像，自由发明和自由地与其他人沟通的环境中，你会更加优秀。如果更多的人进行思索，更多的人能够互相沟通，这无疑更好。Google做的一切事情都是让每个人变得更强大，而且我们也希望每个人都变得更强大。 加拿大 家 园 网

问：可能的结果将会何去何从？中文搜索引擎“百度”会完全占据中国市场么？ 家 园 新 闻

埃里克·施密特：这是一种可能的结果，另一种可能的结果则是我们可能与中国政府达成一致并且继续合作下去。或者可能还有其他公司跟进这一市场。请理解，我们在中国还会有工程师、程序员以及其他工作人员。我们热爱中国与中国人民。我们的决策并非针对他们，这件事仅仅是我们不愿意继续参与在审查系统里面了。

www.iask.ca

  家 园 论 坛

英文原文：

i a s k . c a

Google CEO Eric Schmidt has long defended his company's decision to do business in China despite the restrictions that Beijing imposes on Internet freedom. Nevertheless, last week the company abruptly threatened to pull out after suffering hacker attacks believed to have originated in China. Schmidt explained why to NEWSWEEK's Fareed Zakaria in an exclusive interview.

Why did you make this decision? It surprised many people and many companies.
Google is a different kind of company than many others. The issue of operating in China was always complex for us. We were asked to accept a system of censorship that we were very uncomfortable with. But we had come to the conclusion that operating in China was better for everyone—us, the Chinese people—than staying out of the country. We have decided that we cannot participate in censorship anymore.

What happened over the last months to come to this decision?
We came across a lot of evidence of the monitoring of Chinese dissidents through the Web. We do not have clear evidence as to who was doing the monitoring, but you can draw your own conclusions.

加国中文搜索,www.iask.ca

Is there a lot of such monitoring?
There is probably a lot more than what we found.

Why did you announce this publicly rather than go to the Chinese government and try to work things out?
We are going to the Chinese government, and we hope we can work things out. But we want to be transparent. We don't want to keep secrets. So we decided to first make a public announcement and now we are having discussions with the Chinese government.

Are they going anywhere?
It's much too early to tell; they really have just begun. 本文 来 自 家 园 网

Won't some people say that you have a fiduciary responsibility to your shareholders to maximize profit?
When we filed for our IPO, we attached to the document a statement about how we wanted to run our business. We said we were going to be different. We said that we were going to be motivated by concerns that were not always or strictly business ones. This is an extension of that view. This was not a business decision—the business decision would obviously have been to continue to participate in the Chinese market. It was a decision based on values. We tried to ask what would be best from a global standpoint. 爱问搜索,m.i a s k.ca

Do you believe that China can still globalize while maintaining its censorship system?
China's embrace of globalization has been a great boon for China and the world. It has lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty. But China is placing restrictions on information that few countries place. China is the only country in the world where Google was willing to offer a local site that followed the regime's censorship laws. We haven't done this anywhere else. Other countries sometimes block, say, YouTube for a few weeks. But then we talk to them, point out that they were offended by one video out of literally hundreds of millions. And we work things out. So, China places unique limits on information.

And this will hurt them economically?
I believe it will in the long run. You're much better off with a system in which people can be free to imagine, invent, and connect with one another. The more people who can speculate, the better. The more human-to-human connections, the better. Everything we do at Google empowers the individual. And we want to empower the individual. u.i a s k.c a

What's the likely outcome here? That [Chinese search engine] Baidu will totally dominate the market?
That's one possible outcome. The other is that we can work out an agreement with the Chinese government and continue to operate. Or that some other company moves in. And please understand, we will still have engineers, programmers, and others in China. We love China and the Chinese people. This is not about them. It's about our unwillingness to participate in censorship. 本文 来 自 家 园 网